Slacher. Muggleston, S., M. McNeilage, R. Lowe, and H. Marsh. Davison. Small cup-shaped flowers may be followed on … 1. 1998. The provenance of this seed is unknown but it was probably collected by E.H. Wilson from Hubei or Sichuan in China. Cultivation. The fruit produced is so far purely for local consumption. *I thank R. Beatson, R.G. p. 601–653. The flesh is a bright yellow when fruit are harvested at the right maturity and the flavor is much preferred by most consumers to that of 'Hayward' fruit. In Western gardens it may range 30 feet (9.1 m) in all directions, making it unsuitable for all but the largest spaces unless pruned back hard at the end of every growing season. 79-1', 'ACC 211', 'Apple Sensation', 'Kamitsu', 'Turandot', and, possibly, 'K191'); 'Jinfeng' (syn. 1984. Heart-shaped, green leaves with red tips are followed by clusters of small white flowers in summer. 'Hayward' kiwifruit appear to appeal to special or discerning customers, particularly in Europe. Furthermore, experience with fruits such as apples has shown that different cultivars are not necessarily competitive but may allow market segmentation. A cultivar of A. chinensis, also suggested to be tetraploid, has been selected in France. Much of the success of the New Zealand apple industry is due to its reliance on new or novel cultivars with 'Royal Gala'/'Gala' and 'Braeburn', both of local origin, now making up more than half of all the apples exported. 'Tomua' has large fruit of good, sweet flavor but of limited storage life: its main advantage is that, depending on location, the fruit can be harvested up to a month earlier than 'Hayward' fruit and yet, when ripened, are very acceptable to consumers. Kiwifruit (Actinidia). 1995) and these plants are probably also originally derived from the 1904 seed accession into New Zealand. The fruit is almost hairless at maturity, and what hair remains is usually much shorter and finer than kiwifruit hair, more like the fuzz of a peach. 1). Faan enkelt slacher woort det frücht Kiiwi aptaanj, fööraal faan Actinidia deliciosa. Often confused with Actinidia chinensis which is not in general cultivation. It is one of some 40 related species of the genus Actinidia, and closely related to Actinidia deliciosa,[2] which is the source of the most common commercial kiwifruit. L'Informatore Agrario 47(30):43–45. 1990. The true 'Ananasnaya' is possibly a hybrid of A. arguta and A. kolomikta (Evreinoff 1949) selected many years ago by Michurin. in China, and consists of 55–60 species.The genus Actinidia is a dioecious plant and is widely distributed on the Asian continent. Actinidia deliciosa is a deciduous Climber growing to 9 m (29ft 6in) at a medium rate. In New Zealand, much more emphasis is now being placed on sustainable methods of production, especially with minimal use of insecticides and fungicides. The above statement may accurately represent the current situation but will very soon be out of date. 1998). Weston (eds. For propagation, both need to be grown to be pollinated by bees and insects. (Acta Hort. Hort. 2). None of the new Chinese selections of A. deliciosa has yet been grown on a commercial scale outside of China. Actinidia deliciosa ‘Jenny’ is the only self-fertile, hardy kiwi variety available. Another consideration is that any monoculture is undesirable in principle. The origin of Actinidia chinensis is from Hubei or Sichuan, China exported to New Zealand in 1904. Az Actinidia chinensis eredeti előfordulási területe feltételezhetően a Jangce-medence északi része lehetett, azonban manapság széles körben elterjedt Kína délkeleti részén. 1998. Meaning Behind the Name: Referring to a Greek word for ray, Actinidia's meaning shows itself in the shape of the plant since its vines spread out like rays or spokes. Revue Hort. Futhermore, the kiwifruit is hexaploid whereas 'Hort16A' is diploid and flowers almost a month earlier: diploid males of A. chinensis have therefore had to be selected as pollenizers. The commercial plantings in Europe were also of 'Hayward'. deliciosa (A.Chev.) 'FT79-3', 'Golden Yellow', 'Kinpo'). Cultivar names are often confused because Japanese importers have given the cultivars new names and yet other names have been given when material was subsequently imported into Europe. Actinidia chinensis and A. deliciosa are most common on mountain slopes, growing in relatively damp, shady areas such as in gullies, along streams, under the tree canopy, or on the edge of the forest or in clearings. A small number of genotypes also have red pigments, usually restricted to the inner pericarp but varying in intensity and in distribution within the fruit. A com… The skin is covered with very soft downy hair, which is easily rubbed off. [2], Herbarium specimens, but not plants, were forwarded to the Royal Horticultural Society by the British plant hunter Robert Fortune, from which Jules Émile Planchon named the new genus in the London Journal of Botany, 1847. "Hayward. " Chev.] ), Kiwifruit: Science and management. Suggested uses. Genus Actinidia are vigorous, mostly deciduous, twining climbers with simple ovate leaves which are variegated in some species. In: J. Janick and J.N. Quercus aquifolioides, Quercus oxyodon, Quercus lamellosa), and light secondary forests and bushland. (Tomua means "early" in Maori. Warrington and G.C. Fruit of A. arguta has had a good reception in the San Francisco and Los Angeles markets, fetching remarkably high prices, and increasing amounts of both fresh fruit and processed products are being exported. and E.G. A. deliciosa has ellipsoid fruits with stiff hairs that stays on the fruit to maturity contains about 60 species (Ferguson 1984, 1990). The genus Actinidia Lindl. Almost all the kiwifruit cultivars grown in commercial orchards outside of China are descended from two female plants and one male plant, themselves derived from a single introduction of seed to New Zealand in 1904 (Ferguson and Bollard 1990). The Chinese collect large quantities of Actinidia fruit from the wild, and they generally consider the fruit of A. chinensis to be superior to those of A. deliciosa. Rev. A series of males has been selected in New Zealand for 'Hayward' from seedlings derived from the 1904 seed introduction. FACTS ABOUT ACTINIDIA CHINENSIS . Accessed: 2020 Sep 15. In its native habitat Actinidia chinensis grows in thickets, thick (oak) forests (e.g. One seedling was identified in 1991 as having particularly good fruit which have a very characteristic, pointed shape, quite different in appearance to 'Hayward' fruit. [5], 'Hort16A' is a golden kiwifruit cultivar marketed worldwide, first as Zespri Gold,[2] then as SunGold. The potential of A. arguta has been discussed at length for more than 80 years, but it is only over the past few years that it has shown any signs of being anything more than just a novel or experimental crop. 6:1–64. Bollard. Initially, 'Hayward' had been planted on only a small scale and most early exports of kiwifruit from New Zealand were of other cultivars. At present, the chief cultivated varieties belong to the genus Actinidia deliciosa. Flesh colour varies from bright green to a clear, intense yellow. deliciosa is an autopolyploid derived solely from A. chinensis or whether it is an allopolyploid derived from A. chinensis and one or two other Actinidia taxa. In: J.N. Of all the various Actinidia species, A. chinensis is most like the kiwifruit, A. deliciosa (Fig. That species has spherical fruits initially covered with soft hairs, becoming almost hairless at maturity. Fruit diversity in Actinidia, with the commercial kiwifruit, A. deliciosa ‘Hayward’ for comparison.. 1 A. rufa 5 A. latifolia 9 A. arguta 13 A. guilinensis 2 A. melanandra (red kiwi) 6 A. indochinensis 10 A. fulvicoma 14 A. setosa 3 A. glaucophylla 7 A. chinensis ‘Hort16A’ 11 A. deliciosa ‘Hayward’ C. F. Liang et A. R. Ferguson is a sub-family of the genus Actinidia, which is also known as Chinese gooseberry, kiwifruit, yangtao, etc. This species grows naturally at altitudes between 600 and 2,000 m. Ferguson, A.R. Vine and small fruits. 2. see more; Synonyms Actinidia deliciosa 'Strahlengriffel' Actinidia chinensis. World trade has become restricted to this one cultivar and the name 'Hayward' could almost be taken as synonymous with "kiwifruit." The only commercial production outside of China appears to be in California, with 'Lushanxiang', 'Jiangxi-79-1', and 'Golden Yellow' fruit having been sold in the Los Angeles market since 1995. Valutazione de selezioni maschili di actinidia come impollinatori per la cv. The reduced vigor of the vine allows for easier management and less summer pruning.
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